SAST, or Static Application Security Testing, analyzes an application's source code, bytecode, or binaries for security flaws without running the program. It is a white-box technique that inspects code from the inside to catch issues like injection flaws and insecure patterns early. SAST runs in the development pipeline before code is deployed.
SAST shifts security left: it flags vulnerable code as developers write it, often inside the IDE or on every pull request, where fixes are cheapest. It can pinpoint the exact file and line.
Because it reasons about code paths it cannot always execute, SAST is prone to false positives and cannot find runtime or configuration issues. It pairs with DAST, which tests the running application from the outside.
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